NATIONAL TRANSPORTATION SAFETY BOARD

Vehicle Recorders Division
Washington, D.C. 20594

December 21, 2001

Air Traffic Control Recording

Specialist’s Report
by Joseph A. Gregor

A.

ACCIDENT

Location:

The Pentagon, Arlington, VA

Date:

September 1 1 , 2001

Time: 1

Aircraft:

Boeing 757-200

NTSB Number:

DCA01 SA064

B.

GROUP

N/A

C.

SUMMARY

On September 11, 2001 American Airlines Flight 77, a Boeing 757 crashed into
the Pentagon in Arlington, VA. A certified analog copy of air traffic control (ATC)
transmissions recorded on September 1 1 , 2001 at various tower, departure, and Air
Route Traffic Control Center (ARTCC) positions along the route of flight was sent to the
audio laboratory of the National Transportation Safety Board. These recordings were
used to create an audio track and text transcript of the aircraft-ground communications
from takeoff to accident time.

- II -

D. DETAILS OF INVESTIGATION

Transmissions between the accident aircraft and ATC were recorded and an
analog copy was sent to the Safety Board’s audio laboratory. The tapes cover the
following ATC positions and time periods:

Facility

Time Period 1 (UTC)

Position

IAD

1211 - 1226

LCW

1215-1230

ND

1218-1231

NH

ZDC

1220-1236

Sector 05R

ZDC

1226-1246

Sector 03R

ZID

1234-1309

HNN-R

1249-1313

DAC-RA

1249-1313

DAC-R

Sections of the tape recordings containing air-ground transmissions to and from the
incident aircraft were digitized at a 22,050 Samples/second data rate and saved as
standard Microsoft .wav files. Individual .wav files were combined into a single 43
minute 59 second long .wav file containing all transmissions to and from the incident
aircraft from 1219:20 UTC (aircraft cleared for takeoff) to 1303:19 UTC. A transcript
was obtained from the final composite recording. Times are approximate due to
limitations inherent in the data obtained from the FAA.

Joseph A. Gregor
Electrical Engineer

- Ill -

Transcript of ATC communications with a Boeing B-757-200 (American Airlines
fliaht 77 ) which crashed into the Pentagon in Arlington, VA on September 11,

2001.

LEGEND

AAL-77

Radio transmission from

LCW

Radio transmission from

ND

Radio transmission from

NH

Radio transmission from

05R

Radio transmission from

03R

Radio transmission from

HNN-R

Radio transmission from

DAC-RA

Radio transmission from

DAC-R

Radio transmission from

*

Unintelligible word

#

Expletive

( )

Questionable insertion

[ 1

Editorial insertion

• • •

Pause

Interruption

American B-767-200, flight 77
Local Control West
North Departure
North High

Sector 05 Radar position
Sector 03 Radar position
Henderson Radar position
DAC Radar Associate position
DAC Radar position

Note 1: Times are expressed in universal coordinated time (UTC).

Note 2: Only radio transmissions to and from the accident aircraft were transcribed.

Note 3: Words shown with excess vowels, letters, or drawn out syllables are a phonetic representation of the words
as spoken.

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1303:06

HNN-R American seventy seven Indy. [ZDC 1234-1409 HNN-R]

INTRA-COCKPIT COMMUNICATION AIRCRAFT-TO-GROUND COMMUNICATION

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CL

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UJ

1219:20

1219:27

1220:26

1220:31

1220:43

1220:47

1222:05

1222:08

1223:23

1223:28

1223:43

1223:47

1223:50

1225:33

1225:37

1225:49

1225:57

1226:02

1230:38

1230:42

1231:05

1231:21

1231:27

1234:14

1234:17

1237:31

1237:39

1237:55

1237:59

LCW

AAL-77

LCW

AAL-77

ND

AAL-77

ND

AAL-77

ND

AAL-77

AAL-77

NH

AAL-77

NH

AAL-77

AAL-77

05R

AAL-77

05R

AAL-77

AAL-77

03R

AAL-77

03R

AAL-77

03R

AAL-77

AAL-77

03R

American seventy seven your departure frequency will be one two
five point zero five runway three zero cleared for take off.

[ IAD 1211-1226 LCW]

twenty five point five cleared for take off runway ah three
zero American seventy seven. [IAD 1211-1226 LCW]

American seventy seven turn left heading two seven zero contact
departure. [IAD 1211-1226 LCW]

two seventy heading departure American seventy seven thanks sir
good day. [IAD 1211-1226 LCW]

American seventy seven Dulles departure radar contact climb and
maintain five thousand. [IAD 1215-1230 ND]
five thousand American seventy seven. [IAD 1215—1230 ND]
American seventy seven climb and maintain one one thousand
eleven thousand. [IAD 1215-1230 ND]

up to one one thousand American seventy seven. [IAD 1215-1230
ND]

American seventy seven cleared direct LINDEN contact Dulles one
one eight point six seven. [IAD 1215-1230 ND]

direct LINDEN eighteen sixty seven American ah seventy seven
**. [IAD 1215-1230 ND]

* American ah seventy seven with you passing nine decimal one
for eleven one one thousand. [IAD 1215-1230 NH]

American seven seven Dulles approach climb maintain one seven
thousand. [IAD 1215-1230 NH]

one seven thousand American seventy seven. [IAD 1215-1230 NH]
American seventy seven contact Washington center one two zero
point six five good flight. [IAD 1215—1230 NH]

twenty six five American seventy seven thank you maam good day.
[IAD 1215-1230 NH]

ah center American seventy seven with you passing one three
decimal zero for one seven thousand. [ZDC 1220—1236 05R]
American seventy seven Washington center roger climb and
maintain flight level two seven zero. [ZDC 1220-1236 05R]
two seven zero American seventy seven. [ZDC 1220-1236 05R]
American seventy seven contact Washington center one three
three point two seven. [ZDC 1220-1236 05R]

ah thirty three twenty seven American seventy seven thanks sir
good day. [ZDC 1220-1236 05R]

* American seventy seven passing two five decimal one for two
seven oh. [ZDC 1223-1246 03R]

American seventy seven ah climb, climb maintain flight level
two niner zero sir. [ZDC 1226-1246 03R]

two nine zero American seventy seven. [ZDC 1226-1246 03R]
American seventy seven turn twenty degrees right vector for
your climb. [ZDC 1226—1246 03R]

turn twenty right American seventy seven. [ZDC 1226-1246 03R]
American seventy seven recleared direct Charleston climb
maintain cor — correction recleared direct Henderson sir climb
maintain .flight level three niner zero. [ZDC 1226-1246 03R]
direct HENDERSON out of two nine for three nine oh requesting
three five zero for a final American seventy seven. [ZDC 1226-

1246 03R]

center American ah seventy seven you copy request for three
five zero as a final? [ZDC 1226-1246 03R]

American seventy seven ah roger maintain flight level three
five zero 1*11 show that as your flinal. [ZDC 1226—1246 03R]

1238:03

AAL-77

1239:30

03R

1239:36

AAL-77

1240:03

03R

1240:06

AAL-77

1240: 13

AAL-77

1240:15

HNN-R

1240:19

AAL-77

1243:51

HNN-R

1243:55

AAL-77

1247:16

HNN-R

1247:20

AAL-77

1250:47

HNN-R

1250:51

AAL-77

1256:32

HNN-R

1256:46

HNN-R

1256:53

HNN-R

1257:12

HNN-R

1257:27

HNN-R

1258:16

HNN-R

1258:20

DAC-RA

1258:41

HNN-R

1258:51

HNN-R

1259:32

DAC-RA

1300:25

HNN-R

1300:56

DAC-RA

1300:56

DAC-R

1303:06

HNN-R

-1315:15

AAL-683

ah three five zero for a final American seventy seven thank you
sir. [ ZDC 1226-1246 03R]

American seventy seven amend your altitude maintain flight
level three three zero for traffic. [ZDC 1226-1246 03R]

American seven seven stop at three three zero. [ZDC 1226—1246

03R]

American seventy seven contact Indy center one two zero point
two seven. [ZDC 1226-1246 03R]

twenty twenty seven American seventy seven thanks sir good day.
[ZDC 1226-1246 03R]

center American seventy seven with you level three three zero.
[ZDC 1234-1409 HNN-R]

American seventy seven Indy center roger squawk, three seven
four three. [ZDC 1234-1409 HNN-R]

three seven four three American seventy seven. [ZDC 1234—1409
HNN-R]

American seventy seven climb and maintain flight level three
five zero. [ZDC 1234-1409 HNN— R]

thirty three, three five oh American seventy seven. [ZDC 1234-
1409 HNN-R]

American seventy seven turn ten degrees to the right vectors
for traffic. [ZDC 1234-1409 HNN-R]

ten right American seven seven. [ZDC 1234-1409 HNN-R]

American seventy seven cleared direct ah FALMOUTH. [ZDC 1234-
1409 HNN-R]

ah direct FALMOUTH American seventy seven thanks. [ZDC 1234-
1409 HNN-R]

American seventy seven Indy. [ZDC 1234-1409 HNN-R]

American seventy seven Indy. [ZDC 1234-1409 HNN-R]

American seventy seven American Indy. [ZDC 1234-1409 HNN-R]

American seventy seven American Indy radio check how do you

read? [ZDC 1234-1409 HNN-R]

American ah seventy seven American radio check how do you read?
[ZDC 1234-1409 HNN-R]

American seventy seven Indy radio check how do you read? [ZDC
1234-1409 HNN-R]

American seventy seven center. [ZDC 1249-1317 DAC-RA]

American ah seventy seven ah Indy center how do you read? [ZDC

1234-1409 HNN-R]

American seventy seven Indy radio check how do you read? [ZDC
1234-1409 HNN-R]

American seventy seven center. [ZDC 1249-1317 DAC-RA]

American seventy seven Indy. [ZDC 1234-1409 HNN-R]

Indy center calling American seventy seven American seventy
seven. [ZDC 1249-1317 DAC-RA]

Indy center calling American seventy seven American seventy
seven. [ZDC 1249-1317 DAC-R]

American seventy seven Indy. [ZDC 1234-1409 HNN-R]

[called AAL-77 on guard at center request] . [ZDC 1249-1317 DAC-

RA]